Featured Article
The Centiloid Project: Standardizing quantitative amyloid plaque estimation by PET
Abstract
Although amyloid imaging with PiB‐PET ([C‐11]Pittsburgh Compound‐B positron emission tomography), and now with F‐18‐labeled tracers, has produced remarkably consistent qualitative findings across a large number of centers, there has been considerable variability in the exact numbers reported as quantitative outcome measures of tracer retention. In some cases this is as trivial as the choice of units, in some cases it is scanner dependent, and of course, different tracers yield different numbers. Our working group was formed to standardize quantitative amyloid imaging measures by scaling the outcome of each particular analysis method or tracer to a 0 to 100 scale, anchored by young controls (≤45 years) and typical Alzheimer's disease patients. The units of this scale have been named “Centiloids.” Basically, we describe a “standard” method of analyzing PiB PET data and then a method for scaling any “nonstandard” method of PiB PET analysis (or any other tracer) to the Centiloid scale.
Citing Literature
Number of times cited according to CrossRef: 20
- Maria Vassilaki, Jeremiah A. Aakre, Walter K. Kremers, Timothy G. Lesnick, Michelle M. Mielke, Yonas E. Geda, Mary M. Machulda, David S. Knopman, Lesley Butler, Martin Traber, Prashanthi Vemuri, Val J. Lowe, Clifford R. Jack, Rosebud O. Roberts, Ronald C. Petersen, Brain amyloid, cortical thickness, and changes in activities of daily living, Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, 10.1002/acn3.51010, 7, 4, (474-485), (2020).
- Colleen Pappas, Brandon S. Klinedinst, Scott Le, Qian Wang, Brittany Larsen, Kelsey McLimans, Samuel N. Lockhart, Karin Allenspach‐Jorn, Jonathan P. Mochel, Auriel A. Willette, CSF glucose tracks regional tau progression based on Alzheimer's disease risk factors, Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions, 10.1002/trc2.12080, 6, 1, (2020).
- Beth E. Snitz, Dana L. Tudorascu, Zheming Yu, Elizabeth Campbell, Brian J. Lopresti, Charles M. Laymon, Davneet S. Minhas, Neelesh K. Nadkarni, Howard J. Aizenstein, William E. Klunk, Sandra Weintraub, Richard C. Gershon, Ann D. Cohen, Associations between NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery and in vivo brain amyloid and tau pathology in non‐demented older adults, Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, 10.1002/dad2.12018, 12, 1, (2020).
- Matthew D. Zammit, Charles M. Laymon, Tobey J. Betthauser, Karly A. Cody, Dana L. Tudorascu, Davneet S. Minhas, Marwan N. Sabbagh, Sterling C. Johnson, Shahid H. Zaman, Chester A. Mathis, William E. Klunk, Benjamin L. Handen, Ann D. Cohen, Bradley T. Christian, Amyloid accumulation in Down syndrome measured with amyloid load, Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, 10.1002/dad2.12020, 12, 1, (2020).
- Kevin McRae‐McKee, Chinedu T. Udeh‐Momoh, Geraint Price, Sumali Bajaj, Celeste A. Jager, David Scott, Christoforos Hadjichrysanthou, Emily McNaughton, Luc Bracoud, Sara Ahmadi‐Abhari, Frank Wolf, Roy M. Anderson, Lefkos T. Middleton, Perspective: Clinical relevance of the dichotomous classification of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: Should there be a “gray zone”?, Alzheimer's & Dementia, 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.07.010, 15, 10, (1348-1356), (2019).
- Avinash Chandra, Polytimi‐Eleni Valkimadi, Gennaro Pagano, Oliver Cousins, George Dervenoulas, Marios Politis, Applications of amyloid, tau, and neuroinflammation PET imaging to Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment, Human Brain Mapping, 10.1002/hbm.24782, 40, 18, (5424-5442), (2019).
- Yi Su, Shaney Flores, Guoqiao Wang, Russ C. Hornbeck, Benjamin Speidel, Nelly Joseph‐Mathurin, Andrei G. Vlassenko, Brian A. Gordon, Robert A. Koeppe, William E. Klunk, Clifford R. Jack, Martin R. Farlow, Stephen Salloway, Barbara J. Snider, Sarah B. Berman, Erik D. Roberson, Jared Brosch, Ivonne Jimenez‐Velazques, Christopher H. Dyck, Douglas Galasko, Shauna H. Yuan, Suman Jayadev, Lawrence S. Honig, Serge Gauthier, Ging‐Yuek R. Hsiung, Mario Masellis, William S. Brooks, Michael Fulham, Roger Clarnette, Colin L. Masters, David Wallon, Didier Hannequin, Bruno Dubois, Jeremie Pariente, Raquel Sanchez‐Valle, Catherine Mummery, John M. Ringman, Michel Bottlaender, Gregory Klein, Smiljana Milosavljevic‐Ristic, Eric McDade, Chengjie Xiong, John C. Morris, Randall J. Bateman, Tammie L.S. Benzinger, Comparison of Pittsburgh compound B and florbetapir in cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies, Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, 10.1016/j.dadm.2018.12.008, 11, 1, (180-190), (2019).
- Shannon L. Risacher, Noelia Fandos, Judith Romero, Ian Sherriff, Pedro Pesini, Andrew J. Saykin, Liana G. Apostolova, Plasma amyloid beta levels are associated with cerebral amyloid and tau deposition, Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, 10.1016/j.dadm.2019.05.007, 11, 1, (510-519), (2019).
- Vincent Doré, Santiago Bullich, Christopher C. Rowe, Pierrick Bourgeat, Salamata Konate, Osama Sabri, Andrew W. Stephens, Henryk Barthel, Jurgen Fripp, Colin L. Masters, Ludger Dinkelborg, Olivier Salvado, Victor L. Villemagne, Susan De Santi, Comparison of 18F‐florbetaben quantification results using the standard Centiloid, MR‐based, and MR‐less CapAIBL® approaches: Validation against histopathology, Alzheimer's & Dementia, 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.02.005, 15, 6, (807-816), (2019).
- Renaud La Joie, Nagehan Ayakta, William W. Seeley, Ewa Borys, Adam L. Boxer, Charles DeCarli, Vincent Doré, Lea T. Grinberg, Eric Huang, Ji‐Hye Hwang, Milos D. Ikonomovic, Clifford Jack, William J. Jagust, Lee‐Way Jin, William E. Klunk, Julia Kofler, Orit H. Lesman‐Segev, Samuel N. Lockhart, Val J. Lowe, Colin L. Masters, Chester A. Mathis, Catriona L. McLean, Bruce L. Miller, Daniel Mungas, James P. O'Neil, John M. Olichney, Joseph E. Parisi, Ronald C. Petersen, Howard J. Rosen, Christopher C. Rowe, Salvatore Spina, Prashanthi Vemuri, Victor L. Villemagne, Melissa E. Murray, Gil D. Rabinovici, Multisite study of the relationships between antemortem [11C]PIB‐PET Centiloid values and postmortem measures of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology, Alzheimer's & Dementia, 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.09.001, 15, 2, (205-216), (2018).
- Giovanni B. Frisoni, Frederik Barkhof, Daniele Altomare, Johannes Berkhof, Marina Boccardi, Elisa Canzoneri, Lyduine Collij, Alexander Drzezga, Gill Farrar, Valentina Garibotto, Rossella Gismondi, Juan‐Domingo Gispert, Frank Jessen, Miia Kivipelto, Isadora Lopes Alves, José Luis Molinuevo, Agneta Nordberg, Pierre Payoux, Craig Ritchie, Irina Savicheva, Philip Scheltens, Mark E. Schmidt, Jonathan M. Schott, Andrew Stephens, Bart Berckel, Bruno Vellas, Zuzana Walker, Nicola Raffa, AMYPAD Diagnostic and Patient Management Study: Rationale and design, Alzheimer's & Dementia, 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.09.003, 15, 3, (388-399), (2018).
- Michael Navitsky, Abhinay D. Joshi, Ian Kennedy, William E. Klunk, Christopher C. Rowe, Dean F. Wong, Michael J. Pontecorvo, Mark A. Mintun, Michael D. Devous, Standardization of amyloid quantitation with florbetapir standardized uptake value ratios to the Centiloid scale, Alzheimer's & Dementia, 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.1353, 14, 12, (1565-1571), (2018).
- Dana L. Tudorascu, Davneet S. Minhas, Patrick J. Lao, Tobey J. Betthauser, Zheming Yu, Charles M. Laymon, Brian J. Lopresti, Chet A. Mathis, William E. Klunk, Benjamin L. Handen, Bradley T. Christian, Ann D. Cohen, The use of Centiloids for applying [11C]PiB classification cutoffs across region‐of‐interest delineation methods, Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, 10.1016/j.dadm.2018.03.006, 10, 1, (332-339), (2018).
- Clifford R. Jack, David A. Bennett, Kaj Blennow, Maria C. Carrillo, Billy Dunn, Samantha Budd Haeberlein, David M. Holtzman, William Jagust, Frank Jessen, Jason Karlawish, Enchi Liu, Jose Luis Molinuevo, Thomas Montine, Creighton Phelps, Katherine P. Rankin, Christopher C. Rowe, Philip Scheltens, Eric Siemers, Heather M. Snyder, Reisa Sperling, Cerise Elliott, Eliezer Masliah, Laurie Ryan, Nina Silverberg, NIA‐AA Research Framework: Toward a biological definition of Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's & Dementia, 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.02.018, 14, 4, (535-562), (2018).
- Shannon L. Risacher, Eileen F. Tallman, John D. West, Karmen K. Yoder, Gary D. Hutchins, James W. Fletcher, Sujuan Gao, David A. Kareken, Martin R. Farlow, Liana G. Apostolova, Andrew J. Saykin, Olfactory identification in subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment: Association with tau but not amyloid positron emission tomography, Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, 10.1016/j.dadm.2017.09.001, 9, 1, (57-66), (2017).
- Clifford R. Jack, Heather J. Wiste, Stephen D. Weigand, Terry M. Therneau, Val J. Lowe, David S. Knopman, Jeffrey L. Gunter, Matthew L. Senjem, David T. Jones, Kejal Kantarci, Mary M. Machulda, Michelle M. Mielke, Rosebud O. Roberts, Prashanthi Vemuri, Denise A. Reyes, Ronald C. Petersen, Defining imaging biomarker cut points for brain aging and Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer's & Dementia, 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.08.005, 13, 3, (205-216), (2016).
- Bruno Dubois, Harald Hampel, Howard H. Feldman, Philip Scheltens, Paul Aisen, Sandrine Andrieu, Hovagim Bakardjian, Habib Benali, Lars Bertram, Kaj Blennow, Karl Broich, Enrica Cavedo, Sebastian Crutch, Jean‐François Dartigues, Charles Duyckaerts, Stéphane Epelbaum, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Serge Gauthier, Remy Genthon, Alida A. Gouw, Marie‐Odile Habert, David M. Holtzman, Miia Kivipelto, Simone Lista, José‐Luis Molinuevo, Sid E. O'Bryant, Gil D. Rabinovici, Christopher Rowe, Stephen Salloway, Lon S. Schneider, Reisa Sperling, Marc Teichmann, Maria C. Carrillo, Jeffrey Cummings, Cliff R. Jack, Preclinical Alzheimer's disease: Definition, natural history, and diagnostic criteria, Alzheimer's & Dementia, 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.02.002, 12, 3, (292-323), (2016).
- William J. Jagust, Susan M. Landau, Robert A. Koeppe, Eric M. Reiman, Kewei Chen, Chester A. Mathis, Julie C. Price, Norman L. Foster, Angela Y. Wang, The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 2 PET Core: 2015, Alzheimer's & Dementia, 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.05.001, 11, 7, (757-771), (2015).
- Niklas Mattsson, Maria C. Carrillo, Robert A. Dean, Michael D. Devous, Tania Nikolcheva, Pedro Pesini, Hugh Salter, William Z. Potter, Reisa S. Sperling, Randall J. Bateman, Lisa J. Bain, Enchi Liu, Revolutionizing Alzheimer's disease and clinical trials through biomarkers, Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring, 10.1016/j.dadm.2015.09.001, 1, 4, (412-419), (2015).
- Negin Holland, P. Simon Jones, George Savulich, Julie K. Wiggins, Young T. Hong, Tim D. Fryer, Roido Manavaki, Selena Milicevic Sephton, Istvan Boros, Maura Malpetti, Frank H. Hezemans, Franklin I. Aigbirhio, Jonathan P. Coles, John O’Brien, James B. Rowe, Synaptic Loss in Primary Tauopathies Revealed by [C]UCB‐J Positron Emission Tomography, Movement Disorders, 10.1002/mds.28188, 0, 0, (undefined).
